Raphia frater
In 3 days ~10%
Raphia frater, the brother moth or simply the brother, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It is found from Nova Scotia west, across the forested regions of Canada to British Columbia, south to Mississippi in the east. The southern limits in the west are uncertain due to confusion with several closely related species or forms.
The wingspan is 38–44 mm. Adults are on wing from April or May to August. There is one or two generations per year. The larvae mainly feed on aspen, but have also been recorded from alder, birch, cottonwood, and willow. Raphia frater frater (Prairie Provinces, in the east south of the Great Lakes region into Pennsylvania, Ohio and Indiana; In the West, it occurs south along mid-elevation mountain ranges of the Pacific Northwest into Washington, and southward along the Rocky Mountains. Specimens from high elevations in Colorado and New Mexico) Wikipedia →
| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Point Pelee National Park | 🇨🇦 Canada |
More parks will be added in future updates.
Rare
Under 5% of wildlife watchers report a Brother Moth sighting in Toronto on a given day, based on 6 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data. It is the 1410th most-seen of the 1689 insects we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to about 10%, if each day is a fresh chance.
Any time of year
In every month with enough records, under 5% of wildlife watchers report a Brother Moth in Toronto on a given day, so our monthly data shows no clear season.
Between 5 and 8 am
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Brother Moth sightings with a recorded time, and nearly all of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
Among the best
Of the 8 cities where we can rate Brother Moth sightings, Toronto ranks 7th at under 5%, level with the leaders once rounded. The best odds are in Austin (United States, under 5%), Edmonton (Canada, under 5%) and Portland (United States, under 5%).
Same family: Noctuidae
The closest relatives of the Brother Moth that you can see in Toronto (family Noctuidae, Cutworm Moths and Allies) are American Dagger (about 10%), Large Yellow Underwing (about 10%) and Armyworm Moth (about 10%), with each one's daily chance of a sighting.
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Brother Moth is recorded against all the insects logged in Toronto (6 verified sightings), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
