Pycnonotus bimaculatus
Silhouette: Andy Wilson · PhyloPic
In 3 days ~40% in a week ~70%
The orange-spotted bulbul (Pycnonotus bimaculatus) is a species of songbird in the bulbul family of passerine birds. It is endemic to Java, Bali and Sumatra. It favors forest edges and open meadows in montane forests. The orange-spotted bulbul was originally described in the genus Turdus by Thomas Horsfield in 1821. Until 2016, the Aceh bulbul (Pycnonotus snouckaerti) was considered as a subspecies of the orange-spotted bulbul until split by the IOC. Most other authorities have not yet recognized this split.
It is a dark-colored and active bulbul with a rounded tail. It is a noisy bird, giving out a variety of harsh and loud calls and songs. It is a frugivore. It breeds throughout the year. Nesting occurs year-round, peaking in May. Nests are robust and cup-shaped. Wikipedia →
Recording0:25
Indonesia · 2022
© Meynard Dinesh · iNaturalist · CC BY-NC 4.0
Recording0:11
Indonesia · 2025
© Liam Pentangelo · iNaturalist · CC BY-NC 4.0
| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kerinci Seblat National Park | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 2 | Gunung Leuser National Park | 🇮🇩 Indonesia |
| # | Zoo / Centre | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Aviary | 🇭🇰 Hong Kong SAR China |
Possible
About 20% of wildlife watchers report an Orange-spotted Bulbul sighting in Gunung Leuser National Park on a given day, based on 9 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data from 2019 to 2026. It is the 33rd most-seen of the 166 birds we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to about 40%, and over a week to about 70%, if each day is a fresh chance.
January–February and April–May
In those months about 30% of wildlife watchers report an Orange-spotted Bulbul in Gunung Leuser National Park on a given day, against under 5% in March and June–November, the lowest months.
Between 3 and 6 am
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Orange-spotted Bulbul sightings with a recorded time, and about 6 in 10 of them come between 6 pm and 6 am: it is most active around dawn and dusk.
2nd of 2
Of the 2 parks where we can rate Orange-spotted Bulbul sightings, Gunung Leuser National Park ranks 2nd at about 20%. The best odds are in Kerinci Seblat National Park (Indonesia, about 30%).
Same genus: Pycnonotus
The closest relatives of the Orange-spotted Bulbul that you can see in Gunung Leuser National Park (genus Pycnonotus, Typical Bulbuls) are Yellow-vented Bulbul (about 50%), Sooty-headed Bulbul (about 30%) and Red-eyed Bulbul (about 30%), with each one's daily chance of a sighting.
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Orange-spotted Bulbul is recorded against all the birds logged in Gunung Leuser National Park (9 verified sightings from 2019 to 2026), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
