Polypedates otilophus
Silhouette: Jose Carlos Arenas-Monroy · PhyloPic
In 3 days >90%
Polypedates otilophus (also known as the file-eared tree frog, Borneo eared frog, or bony-headed flying frog) is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is endemic to Borneo where it is widespread and found in Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia, typically in the lowlands but sometimes as high as 1,100 m (3,600 ft) above sea level. This species has prominent, sharp ridges behind the eye, above the ear, referred to in its names.
Polypedates pseudotilophus from Sumatra and (probably) Java was included in this species until 2014. Males measure up to 80 mm (3.1 in) and females up to 100 mm (3.9 in) in snout–vent length. The body is robust and dorsally lemon yellow in color, with many thin, black stripes; also the thighs have many black bars. The tympanum is conspicuous, with a serrated bony crest above it (the "ear"). Fingertips are expanded into large discs; those on the toes are smaller. The fingers have only rudimentary webbing whereas the toes are moderately webbed. The tadpoles are yellowish green above and white below, acquiring the stripes seen in adults well before metamorphosis. The largest tadpoles are 60 mm (2.4 in) in total length.
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Recording0:22
Malaysia · 2019
© Leah Ramsay · iNaturalist · CC BY-NC 4.0
Recording
Malaysia · 2014
© Marc Anderson · Xeno · CC BY-NC-ND 4.0
| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kubah National Park | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | |
| 2 | Danum Valley Conservation Area | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | |
| 3 | Kinabalu Park | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | |
| 4 | Sepilok | 🇲🇾 Malaysia |
| # | Zoo / Centre | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | San Diego Zoo | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 2 | Tierpark Berlin | 🇩🇪 Germany | |
| 3 | Natura Artis Magistra | 🇳🇱 Netherlands | |
| 4 | California Academy of Sciences | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 5 | Zoo Pilsen | 🇨🇿 Czechia | |
| 6 | Tallinn Zoo | 🇪🇪 Estonia | |
| 7 | Audubon Zoo | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 8 | Berlin Zoological Garden | 🇩🇪 Germany | |
| 9 | Houston Zoo | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 10 | Zoo Opole | 🇵🇱 Poland | |
| 11 | Łódź Zoo | 🇵🇱 Poland | |
| 12 | Plock Zoo | 🇵🇱 Poland | |
| 13 | The Abilene Zoo | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 14 | Exotarium Sosnowiec | 🇵🇱 Poland | |
| 15 | Aquarium Berlin | 🇩🇪 Germany |
Very likely
About 80% of wildlife watchers report a File-eared Tree Frog sighting in Kubah National Park on a given day, based on 135 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data from 2019 to 2026. It is the 6th most-seen of the 41 amphibians we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to over 90%, if each day is a fresh chance.
March
In that month about 90% of wildlife watchers report a File-eared Tree Frog in Kubah National Park on a given day, against about 50% in October and December, the lowest months.
Between 7 and 10 pm
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most File-eared Tree Frog sightings with a recorded time, and about 8 in 10 of them come between 6 pm and 6 am: it is mostly seen at night.
Yes
Of the 4 parks where we can rate File-eared Tree Frog sightings, Kubah National Park has the highest daily chance: about 80%. Next come Danum Valley Conservation Area (Malaysia, about 70%) and Kinabalu Park (Malaysia, about 40%). All parks ranked.
Same genus: Polypedates
The closest relatives of the File-eared Tree Frog that you can see in Kubah National Park (genus Polypedates, whipping frogs) are Brown-Striped Tree Frog (about 80%), Common Tree Frog (about 40%) and Collett's Tree Frog (about 30%), with each one's daily chance of a sighting.
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the File-eared Tree Frog is recorded against all the amphibians logged in Kubah National Park (135 verified sightings from 2019 to 2026), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
