Percnodaimon merula
In 3 days ~60% in a week ~90%
Percnodaimon merula, the black mountain ringlet, is a satyrid butterfly in the family Nymphalidae. It is currently the only recognised species in the monotypic genus Percnodaimon, endemic to New Zealand, although there may be other undescribed species in the genus. The black mountain ringlet is notable for living exclusively in rocky areas of New Zealand's Southern Alps, usually above 1200 m. Its eggs are laid on rocks, its larvae feed on mountain Poa species, and it pupates under a stone. It has distinctive dark velvety wings and a zig-zag flight pattern over the scree slopes on which it lives.
This species has had a complicated taxonomic history. It was originally described as Erebia pluto by Richard W. Fereday in 1872 from the Craigieburn Range in the South Island, and was moved to the new genus Percnodaimon by Butler in 1876. It was known as Percnodaimon pluto for many years, and Wise in 1967 regarded this as the correct name for the species, but was eventually synonymised with P. merula, under which name it is usually referred to today.
Most sources consider Percnodaimon monotypic, but in 2012 mitochondrial gene sequencing by Hamish Patrick for his Lincoln University... Wikipedia →
| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Arthur's Pass National Park | 🇳🇿 New Zealand | |
| 2 | Aoraki Mount Cook National Park | 🇳🇿 New Zealand | |
| 3 | Fiordland National Park | 🇳🇿 New Zealand |
Possible
About 30% of wildlife watchers report a Black Mountain Ringlet sighting in Arthur's Pass National Park on a given day, based on 32 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data from 2019 to 2026. It is the 4th most-seen of the 60 insects we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to about 60%, and over a week to about 90%, if each day is a fresh chance.
December and January
In those months about 40% of wildlife watchers report a Black Mountain Ringlet in Arthur's Pass National Park on a given day, against under 5% in April to November, the lowest months.
Between 11 am and 2 pm
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Black Mountain Ringlet sightings with a recorded time, and about 9 in 10 of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
Yes
Of the 3 parks where we can rate Black Mountain Ringlet sightings, Arthur's Pass National Park has the highest daily chance: about 30%. Next come Aoraki Mount Cook National Park (New Zealand, about 20%) and Fiordland National Park (New Zealand, about 10%).
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Black Mountain Ringlet is recorded against all the insects logged in Arthur's Pass National Park (32 verified sightings from 2019 to 2026), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
