Toxorhynchites rutilus
In 3 days ~20% in a week ~30%
Toxorhynchites rutilus, also known as the elephant mosquito or treehole predatory mosquito, is a species of mosquito in the family Culicidae. Unlike most species in the genus that populate the tropics, Tx. rutilus is endemic to temperate regions. As their name suggests, these mosquitoes commonly lay their eggs in treeholes where their larvae are predators on a variety of arthropods. As with other mosquitoes, they also inhabit other bodies of stagnant water such as in a tire or artificial containers, but not large bodies of water like ponds and ground pools. Females are able to strategically locate breeding sites that already contain prey to oviposit in.
Tx. rutilus feeding behaviors make them strikingly different from a typical mosquito. Both adult males and females are strictly nectar-feeding and so they do not have a role in the transmission of pathogens to animals as in other mosquitoes. Instead, their larvae are predacious and could potentially help curb the spread of diseases via vector mosquitoes. While they commonly prey on copepods, rotifers, ostracods, and chironomids, they also generally have a preference for certain species of mosquito larvae including common disease vectors such as Aedes albopictus, Aedes aegypti, and Aedes polynesiensis. If their habitat lacks food or is overcrowded, the larvae are known to succumb to cannibalism. Their larval feeding preferences make them of special interest to biological control scientists and entomologists. There have been few successful instances of using Tx. rutilus as biological control in regions such as Hawaii, Florida, Louisiana, and Japan. Wikipedia →
| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Shenandoah National Park | 🇺🇸 United States |
More parks will be added in future updates.
| # | City | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Washington | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 2 | Boston | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 3 | Philadelphia | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 4 | Austin | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 5 | Dallas | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 6 | Baltimore | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 7 | New York City | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 8 | Houston | 🇺🇸 United States |
With luck
About 10% of wildlife watchers report an Elephant Mosquito sighting in Shenandoah National Park on a given day, based on 10 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data from 2019 to 2026. It is the 406th most-seen of the 723 insects we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to about 20%, and over a week to about 30%, if each day is a fresh chance.
July to September
In those months about 10% of wildlife watchers report an Elephant Mosquito in Shenandoah National Park on a given day, against under 5% in October to June, the lowest months.
Between 10 am and 1 pm
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Elephant Mosquito sightings with a recorded time, and about 9 in 10 of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
Only Shenandoah National Park, in our data
Shenandoah National Park is the only park on Wallace's Line with enough records to rate Elephant Mosquito sightings: about 10% of wildlife watchers there report one on a given day.
Same order: Diptera
The closest relatives of the Elephant Mosquito that you can see in Shenandoah National Park (order Diptera, Flies) are Eastern Calligrapher (about 20%), Golden-Backed Snipe Fly (about 20%) and Common Drone Fly (about 20%), with each one's daily chance of a sighting.
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Elephant Mosquito is recorded against all the insects logged in Shenandoah National Park (10 verified sightings from 2019 to 2026), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
