Falco moluccensis
Silhouette: Shyamal · PhyloPic
In 3 days <5% in a week ~10%
The spotted kestrel (Falco moluccensis), also known as the Moluccan kestrel, is a falcon found throughout Indonesia and Timor-Leste. Little is known about the spotted kestrel, although it is thought to be closely related to the nankeen kestrel (Falco cenchroides). Both species are considered members of the Falco tinnunculus group.
Spread through Wallacea and Java, the spotted kestrel inhabits grasslands with scattered trees, lightly wooded cultivation, and the edges of primary and tall secondary forest. Along logging roads, it occasionally penetrates forests, and sometimes inhabits clearings within forested areas. It has also been known to live in areas of human habitation.
It is likely they have small habitat ranges. They move around during the wet and dry seasons. This is information is inferred by comparing the movements of the nankeen kestrel (F. cenchroides), their closest relative. Both species are known to be more sedentary when compared to the common kestrel (F. tinnunculus).
Spotted kestrels measure 26–32 cm (10–12.5 in) from head to tail, with a wingspan of 59–71 cm (23–28 in). On average, spotted kestrels weigh... Wikipedia →
Recording0:05
Indonesia · 2025
© Ganjar Cahyadi · iNaturalist · CC BY-NC 4.0
| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Komodo National Park | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 2 | Raja Ampat | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 3 | Tangkoko Nature Reserve | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 4 | Bali Barat National Park | 🇮🇩 Indonesia |
Rare
Under 5% of wildlife watchers report a Spotted Kestrel sighting in Bali Barat National Park on a given day, based on 7 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data from 2019 to 2026. It is the 164th most-seen of the 173 birds we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to under 5%, and over a week to about 10%, if each day is a fresh chance.
Any time of year
In every month with enough records, under 5% of wildlife watchers report a Spotted Kestrel in Bali Barat National Park on a given day, so our monthly data shows no clear season.
Between 8 and 11 am
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Spotted Kestrel sightings with a recorded time, and about 9 in 10 of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
4th of 4
Of the 4 parks where we can rate Spotted Kestrel sightings, Bali Barat National Park ranks 4th at under 5%. The best odds are in Komodo National Park (Indonesia, about 10%), Raja Ampat (Indonesia, under 5%) and Tangkoko Nature Reserve (Indonesia, under 5%).
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Spotted Kestrel is recorded against all the birds logged in Bali Barat National Park (7 verified sightings from 2019 to 2026), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
