Biorhiza pallida
In 3 days ~20% in a week ~40%
Biorhiza pallida, also known as the oak apple gall wasp, is a gall wasp species in the family Cynipidae. This species is a member of the tribe Cynipini: the oak gall wasp tribe. Cynipini is the tribe partially responsible for the formation of galls known as oak apples on oak trees. These are formed after the wasp lays eggs inside the leaf buds and the plant tissues swell as the larvae of the gall wasp develop inside. This wasp has a widespread distribution within Europe.
Biorhiza pallida has a complex life cycle involving an agamic female that reproduces by parthenogenesis without a male during the winter/spring, and a summer generation of adults where individuals are either male or female. These mate and produce fertilised eggs.
The wingless agamic wasp is between 4.8 and 6.3 millimetres (0.19 and 0.25 in) long. The head is golden brown with mid-brown eyes and orange ocelli (simple eyes). The long antennae have fifteen segments and are orangeish-brown. The thorax, legs and bulbous, glistening gaster (abdomen) are yellowish-brown.
Male and female wasps that develop in the summer generation are smaller with a length between 2 and 3.5 mm (0.08 and 0.14 in). The head... Wikipedia →
| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Snowdonia National Park | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | |
| 2 | Bavarian Forest National Park | 🇩🇪 Germany | |
| 3 | Sierra de Guadarrama National Park | 🇪🇸 Spain | |
| 4 | Wadden Sea National Park | 🇩🇪 Germany |
| # | City | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | London | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | |
| 2 | Birmingham | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | |
| 3 | Liverpool | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | |
| 4 | Manchester | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | |
| 5 | Leeds | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom | |
| 6 | Berlin | 🇩🇪 Germany | |
| 7 | Prague | 🇨🇿 Czechia | |
| 8 | Stockholm | 🇸🇪 Sweden | |
| 9 | Essen | 🇩🇪 Germany | |
| 10 | Warsaw | 🇵🇱 Poland |
With luck
About 10% of wildlife watchers report an Oak Apple Gall Wasp sighting in Manchester on a given day, based on 19 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data. It is the 188th most-seen of the 458 insects we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to about 20%, and over a week to about 40%, if each day is a fresh chance.
April
In that month about 20% of wildlife watchers report an Oak Apple Gall Wasp in Manchester on a given day, against under 5% in June to February, the lowest months.
Between 9 am and noon
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Oak Apple Gall Wasp sightings with a recorded time, and about 8 in 10 of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
Among the best
Of the 14 cities where we can rate Oak Apple Gall Wasp sightings, Manchester ranks 4th at about 10%, level with the leaders once rounded. The best odds are in London (United Kingdom, about 10%), Birmingham (United Kingdom, about 10%) and Liverpool (United Kingdom, about 10%).
Same family: Cynipidae
The closest relatives of the Oak Apple Gall Wasp that you can see in Manchester (family Cynipidae, Gall Wasps) are Oak Marble Gall Wasp (about 20%), Knopper Gall Wasp (about 20%) and Silk-Button Spangle Gall Wasp (about 10%), with each one's daily chance of a sighting.
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Oak Apple Gall Wasp is recorded against all the insects logged in Manchester (19 verified sightings), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
