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Eastern Tiger Swallowtail
Papilio glaucus
- KingdomAnimalia (Animals)
- PhylumArthropoda (Arthropods)
- ClassInsecta (Insects)
- OrderLepidoptera (Butterflies and Moths)
- FamilyPapilionidae (Swallowtails and Parnassians)
- GenusPapilio (Common Swallowtails)
- SpeciesPapilio glaucus (Eastern Tiger Swallowtail)
In 3 days ~30% in a week ~50%
545 Verified sightings at Toronto
1,751 In all 7 parks From 2019 to 2026
June Best month
☀️ Diurnal When it's spotted
About the Eastern Tiger Swallowtail
Papilio glaucus, the eastern tiger swallowtail, is a species of butterfly native to eastern North America. It is one of the most familiar butterflies in the eastern United States, ranging north to southern Ontario, Canada, and is common in many different habitats. It flies from spring until fall, during which it produces two to three broods. Adults feed on the nectar of many species of flowers, mostly from those of the families Apocynaceae, Asteraceae, and Fabaceae. P. glaucus has a wingspan measuring 7.9 to 14 cm (3.1 to 5.5 in). The male is yellow with four black "tiger stripes" on each forewing. Females may be either yellow or black, making the females dimorphic. The yellow morph has similar coloring to the male, but with a conspicuous band of blue spots along the hindwing; the dark morph is almost completely black.
The green eggs are laid singly on plants of the families Magnoliaceae and Rosaceae. Young caterpillars are brown and white; older ones are green with two black, yellow, and blue eyespots on the thorax. The caterpillar will turn brown prior to pupating. It will reach a length of 5.5 centimetres (2.2 in). The chrysalis varies from a whitish color to dark brown. Hibernation occurs in this stage in locations with cold winter months.
The eastern tiger swallowtail is the state butterfly of Alabama (as well as state mascot), Delaware, Georgia, North Carolina and South Carolina, and is the state insect of Virginia. Wikipedia →
Recent sightings of Eastern Tiger Swallowtail in Toronto
LIVEiNaturalistGlobal Distribution
Parks Where Found
| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Great Smoky Mountains National Park | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 2 | Shenandoah National Park | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 3 | Congaree National Park | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 4 | Point Pelee National Park | 🇨🇦 Canada | |
| 5 | Big Cypress National Preserve | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 6 | Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 7 | Cumbres de Monterrey National Park | 🇲🇽 Mexico |
Cities Where Found
| # | City | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Washington | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 2 | Philadelphia | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 3 | Baltimore | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 4 | Detroit | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 5 | Minneapolis [Saint Paul] | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 6 | New York City | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 7 | Chicago | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 8 | Austin | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 9 | Dallas | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 10 | Toronto | 🇨🇦 Canada |
Closest Relatives at Toronto
Before you go
What are the chances of seeing an Eastern Tiger Swallowtail in Toronto?
With luck
About 10% of wildlife watchers report an Eastern Tiger Swallowtail sighting in Toronto on a given day, based on 545 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data. It is the 45th most-seen of the 1689 insects we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to about 30%, and over a week to about 50%, if each day is a fresh chance.
When is the best time to see an Eastern Tiger Swallowtail in Toronto?
June
In that month about 30% of wildlife watchers report an Eastern Tiger Swallowtail in Toronto on a given day, against under 5% in September to April, the lowest months.
What time of day is best to see an Eastern Tiger Swallowtail?
Between 11 am and 2 pm
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Eastern Tiger Swallowtail sightings with a recorded time, and about 9 in 10 of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
Is Toronto the best place to see an Eastern Tiger Swallowtail?
10th of 15
Of the 15 cities where we can rate Eastern Tiger Swallowtail sightings, Toronto ranks 10th at about 10%. The best odds are in Washington (United States, about 30%), Philadelphia (United States, about 20%) and Baltimore (United States, about 20%).
Which relatives of the Eastern Tiger Swallowtail live in Toronto?
Same genus: Papilio
The closest relatives of the Eastern Tiger Swallowtail that you can see in Toronto (genus Papilio, Common Swallowtails) are Black Swallowtail (about 20%) and Eastern Giant Swallowtail (about 10%), with each one's daily chance of a sighting.
Where does the Eastern Tiger Swallowtail sighting chance come from?
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Eastern Tiger Swallowtail is recorded against all the insects logged in Toronto (545 verified sightings), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
