Sternula nereis
Silhouette: Sheatherius · PhyloPic
In 3 days ~10% in a week ~20%
The fairy tern (Sternula nereis) is a small tern which is native to the southwestern Pacific. It is listed as vulnerable by the IUCN and the New Zealand subspecies is critically endangered. Fairy terns live in colonies along the coastlines and estuaries of Australia, New Zealand, and New Caledonia, feeding largely on small, epipelagic schooling fishes, breeding in areas close to their feeding sites. They have a monogamous mating system, forming breeding pairs in which they mate, nest, and care for offspring.
There are three subspecies: Australian fairy tern, Sternula nereis nereis (Gould, 1843) – breeds in Australia New Caledonian fairy tern, Sternula nereis exsul (Mathews, 1912) – breeds in New Caledonia New Zealand fairy tern / Tara iti, Sternula nereis davisae (Mathews & Iredale, 1913) – breeds in northern New Zealand
The three subspecies are distinguished by geographical range, and slight morphological differences. Gene flow between subspecies is little to none. The fairy tern is a small tern with a white body and light bluish-grey wings. A small black patch extends no further than the eye and not as far as the bill. In the breeding plumage both the beak and the...
| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Rottnest Island | 🇦🇺 Australia | |
| 2 | Cape Range | 🇦🇺 Australia | |
| 3 | Phillip Island Nature Park | 🇦🇺 Australia | |
| 4 | Wilsons Promontory National Park | 🇦🇺 Australia |
Rare
Under 5% of wildlife watchers report a Fairy Tern sighting in Phillip Island Nature Park on a given day, based on 50 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data from 2019 to 2026. It is the 108th most-seen of the 149 birds we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to about 10%, and over a week to about 20%, if each day is a fresh chance.
November and December
In those months about 10% of wildlife watchers report a Fairy Tern in Phillip Island Nature Park on a given day, against under 5% in January to October, the lowest months.
Between 1 and 4 pm
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Fairy Tern sightings with a recorded time, and about 9 in 10 of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
3rd of 4
Of the 4 parks where we can rate Fairy Tern sightings, Phillip Island Nature Park ranks 3rd at under 5%. The best odds are in Rottnest Island (Australia, about 50%) and Cape Range (Australia, about 10%).
Same family: Laridae
The closest relatives of the Fairy Tern that you can see in Phillip Island Nature Park (family Laridae, Gulls, Terns, and Skimmers) are Silver Gull (about 80%), Pacific Gull (about 70%) and Crested Tern (about 30%), with each one's daily chance of a sighting.
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Fairy Tern is recorded against all the birds logged in Phillip Island Nature Park (50 verified sightings from 2019 to 2026), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
