Anthus spinoletta
Silhouette: Susan Murphy (original photograph), T. Michael Keesey (vectorization) · PhyloPic
In 3 days <5%
The water pipit (Anthus spinoletta) is a small passerine bird which breeds in the mountains of Southern Europe and the Palearctic eastwards to China. It is a short-distance migrant; many birds move to lower altitudes or wet open lowlands in winter.
The water pipit in breeding plumage has greyish-brown upperparts, weakly streaked with darker brown, and pale pink-buff underparts fading to whitish on the lower belly. The head is grey with a broad white supercilium ("eyebrow"), and the outer tail feathers are white. In winter, the head is grey-brown, the supercilium is duller, the upperparts are more streaked, and the underparts are white, streaked lightly with brown on the breast and flanks. There are only minor differences among the three subspecies, the sexes are almost identical, and young birds resemble adults. The water pipit's song is delivered from a perch or in flight, and consists of four or five blocks, each consisting of about six repetitions of a different short note.
Water pipits construct a cup-like nest on the ground under vegetation or in cliff crevices and lay four to six speckled grey-ish white eggs, which hatch in about two weeks with a further 14–15 days to fledging. Although pipits occasionally catch insects in flight, they feed mainly on small invertebrates picked off the ground or vegetation, and also some plant material.
The water pipit may be hunted by birds of prey, infested by parasites such as fleas, or act as an involuntary host to the common cuckoo, but overall its population is large and stable, and it is therefore evaluated as a species of least concern by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Wikipedia →
| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Vanoise National Park | 🇫🇷 France | |
| 2 | Picos de Europa National Park | 🇪🇸 Spain | |
| 3 | Hohe Tauern National Park | 🇦🇹 Austria | |
| 4 | Mercantour National Park | 🇫🇷 France | |
| 5 | Aigüestortes National Park | 🇪🇸 Spain | |
| 6 | Tatra National Park | 🇸🇰 Slovakia | |
| 7 | Pyrénées National Park | 🇫🇷 France | |
| 8 | Ordesa y Monte Perdido National Park | 🇪🇸 Spain | |
| 9 | Ecrins National Park | 🇫🇷 France | |
| 10 | Gobi Gurvansaikhan National Park | 🇲🇳 Mongolia | |
| 11 | Triglav National Park | 🇸🇮 Slovenia | |
| 12 | Kiskunság National Park | 🇭🇺 Hungary | |
| 13 | Sierra Nevada National Park | 🇪🇸 Spain | |
| 14 | Sierra de Guadarrama National Park | 🇪🇸 Spain | |
| 15 | Hortobágy National Park | 🇭🇺 Hungary | |
| 16 | Fertő-Hanság National Park | 🇭🇺 Hungary | |
| 17 | Camargue | 🇫🇷 France | |
| 18 | Monfragüe National Park | 🇪🇸 Spain | |
| 19 | Bavarian Forest National Park | 🇩🇪 Germany | |
| 20 | Wadden Sea National Park | 🇩🇪 Germany | |
| 21 | Doñana National Park | 🇪🇸 Spain | |
| 22 | Snowdonia National Park | 🇬🇧 United Kingdom |
| # | City | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lanzhou | 🇨🇳 China | |
| 2 | Beijing | 🇨🇳 China | |
| 3 | Shijiazhuang | 🇨🇳 China | |
| 4 | Jinan | 🇨🇳 China | |
| 5 | Cairo | 🇪🇬 Egypt | |
| 6 | Kuwait City | 🇰🇼 Kuwait | |
| 7 | Kathmandu | 🇳🇵 Nepal | |
| 8 | Turin | 🇮🇹 Italy | |
| 9 | Tel Aviv | 🇮🇱 Israel | |
| 10 | Tehran | 🇮🇷 Iran |
Rare
Under 5% of wildlife watchers report a Water Pipit sighting in Porto on a given day, based on 8 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data. It is the 162nd most-seen of the 175 birds we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to under 5%, if each day is a fresh chance.
Any time of year
In every month with enough records, under 5% of wildlife watchers report a Water Pipit in Porto on a given day, so our monthly data shows no clear season.
Between 9 am and noon
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Water Pipit sightings with a recorded time, and about 9 in 10 of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
26th of 27
Of the 27 cities where we can rate Water Pipit sightings, Porto ranks 26th at under 5%. The best odds are in Lanzhou (China, about 20%), Beijing (China, about 10%) and Shijiazhuang (China, about 10%).
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Water Pipit is recorded against all the birds logged in Porto (8 verified sightings), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
