Tirumala petiverana
In 3 days ~40% in a week ~70%
Tirumala petiverana, the blue monarch, is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is widespread in tropical and subtropical Sub-Saharan Africa. Their habitat consists of Afromontane, lowland and riverine forests as well as moist savanna.
The wingspan is 60–75 mm. There is one generation per year. Adults are on wing from February to May (with peaks in April) in Zimbabwe. The larvae feed on Pergularia extensa, Pergularia daemia, Daemia, Hoya, and Marsdenia rubicunda.
Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde 13: Die Afrikanischen Tagfalter. Plate XIII 25 Wikipedia →
| # | City | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kigali | 🇷🇼 Rwanda | |
| 2 | San José | 🇨🇷 Costa Rica | |
| 3 | San Pedro Sula | 🇭🇳 Honduras | |
| 4 | San Salvador | 🇸🇻 El Salvador | |
| 5 | Nairobi | 🇰🇪 Kenya | |
| 6 | Panama City | 🇵🇦 Panama |
Possible
About 20% of wildlife watchers report a Blue Monarch sighting in Tenorio Volcano National Park on a given day, based on 13 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data from 2019 to 2026. It is the 18th most-seen of the 98 insects we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to about 40%, and over a week to about 70%, if each day is a fresh chance.
December
In that month about 40% of wildlife watchers report a Blue Monarch in Tenorio Volcano National Park on a given day, against under 5% in April, June and September–November, the lowest months. That is one of Tenorio Volcano National Park's wettest months, with about 420 mm of rain against 120 mm in April.
Between 9 am and noon
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Blue Monarch sightings with a recorded time, and about 9 in 10 of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
13th of 24
Of the 24 parks where we can rate Blue Monarch sightings, Tenorio Volcano National Park ranks 13th at about 20%. The best odds are in Arrecifes de Cozumel National Park (Mexico, about 40%), Pico Bonito National Park (Honduras, about 20%) and Biotopo Cerro Cahuí (Guatemala, about 20%).
Same family: Nymphalidae
The closest relatives of the Blue Monarch that you can see in Tenorio Volcano National Park (family Nymphalidae, Brush-footed Butterflies) are Common Morpho (about 30%), Banded Peacock (about 30%) and Banded Owl-Butterfly (about 30%), with each one's daily chance of a sighting.
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Blue Monarch is recorded against all the insects logged in Tenorio Volcano National Park (13 verified sightings from 2019 to 2026), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
