Duttaphrynus melanostictus
Silhouette: Vijay Karthick · PhyloPic
In 3 days ~90% in a week >90%
Duttaphrynus melanostictus is commonly called Asian common toad, Asian black-spined toad, Asian toad, black-spectacled toad, common Sunda toad, and Javanese toad. It is probably a complex of more than one true toad species that is widely distributed in South and Southeast Asia.
The species grows to about 20 cm (8 in) long. Asian common toads breed during the monsoon, and their tadpoles are black. Young toads may be seen in large numbers after monsoon rains finish. Asian common toads occur widely from northern Pakistan through Nepal, Bangladesh, India including the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, southern China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau to Malaysia, Singapore, and the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Java, Borneo, Anambas and Natuna Islands. They have been recorded from sea level up to 1,800 m (5,900 ft) altitude, and live mostly in disturbed lowland habitats, from upper beaches and riverbanks to human-dominated agricultural and urban areas. They are uncommon in closed forests.
The top of the head has several bony ridges, along the edge of the snout (canthal ridge), in front of... Wikipedia →
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Malaysia · 2025
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| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cuc Phuong National Park | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | |
| 2 | Cat Tien National Park | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | |
| 3 | Sinharaja Forest Reserve | 🇱🇰 Sri Lanka | |
| 4 | Way Kambas National Park | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 5 | Kaeng Krachan National Park | 🇹🇭 Thailand | |
| 6 | Nagarhole National Park | 🇮🇳 India | |
| 7 | Khao Sok National Park | 🇹🇭 Thailand | |
| 8 | Sepilok | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | |
| 9 | Tangkoko Nature Reserve | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 10 | Bandipur National Park | 🇮🇳 India | |
| 11 | Gunung Leuser National Park | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 12 | Bali Barat National Park | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 13 | Minneriya National Park | 🇱🇰 Sri Lanka | |
| 14 | Udawalawe National Park | 🇱🇰 Sri Lanka | |
| 15 | Taman Negara National Park | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | |
| 16 | Khao Yai National Park | 🇹🇭 Thailand | |
| 17 | Periyar National Park | 🇮🇳 India | |
| 18 | Ranthambore National Park | 🇮🇳 India | |
| 19 | Khao Luang National Park | 🇹🇭 Thailand | |
| 20 | Bako National Park | 🇲🇾 Malaysia |
| # | City | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Makassar | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 2 | Jakarta | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 3 | Malang | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 4 | Yogyakarta | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 5 | Denpasar | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 6 | Xiuying District | 🇨🇳 China | |
| 7 | Kuching | 🇲🇾 Malaysia | |
| 8 | Tasikmalaya | 🇮🇩 Indonesia | |
| 9 | Dhaka | 🇧🇩 Bangladesh | |
| 10 | Thiruvananthapuram | 🇮🇳 India |
| # | Zoo / Centre | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Cleveland Metroparks Zoo | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 2 | Bronx Zoo | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 3 | Sedgwick County Zoo | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 4 | Night Safari | 🇸🇬 Singapore | |
| 5 | Singapore Zoo | 🇸🇬 Singapore | |
| 6 | Philadelphia Zoo | 🇺🇸 United States | |
| 7 | Saigon Zoo and Botanical Gardens | 🇻🇳 Vietnam | |
| 8 | River Wonders | 🇸🇬 Singapore | |
| 9 | Macau Zoo | 🇲🇴 Macao SAR China | |
| 10 | Randers Tropical Zoo | 🇩🇰 Denmark | |
| 11 | Ocean Park Hong Kong | 🇨🇳 China |
Likely
About 50% of wildlife watchers report a Common Indian Toad sighting in Sinharaja Forest Reserve on a given day, based on 59 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data from 2019 to 2026. It is the most-seen of the 25 amphibians we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to about 90%, and over a week to over 90%, if each day is a fresh chance.
April, August and October
In those months about 60% of wildlife watchers report a Common Indian Toad in Sinharaja Forest Reserve on a given day, against about 30% in May, the lowest month.
Between 7 and 10 pm
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Common Indian Toad sightings with a recorded time, and about 7 in 10 of them come between 6 pm and 6 am: it is mostly seen at night.
3rd of 20
Of the 20 parks where we can rate Common Indian Toad sightings, Sinharaja Forest Reserve ranks 3rd at about 50%. The best odds are in Cuc Phuong National Park (Vietnam, about 70%) and Cat Tien National Park (Vietnam, about 50%). All parks ranked.
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Common Indian Toad is recorded against all the amphibians logged in Sinharaja Forest Reserve (59 verified sightings from 2019 to 2026), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
