Icterus cayanensis
Silhouette: Matt Wilkins · PhyloPic
In 3 days ~40% in a week ~70%
The epaulet oriole (Icterus cayanensis) is a species of bird in the family Icteridae, the oropendolas, New World orioles, and New World blackbirds. It is found in Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad, and Venezuela.
The epaulet oriole was formally described in 1766 with the binomial Oriolus cayanensis. Since then it has a complicated taxonomic history. For much of the twentieth century some authors considered it and the moriche oriole (I. chrysocephalus) to be individual monotypic species. Other authors treated chrysocephalus as a subspecies of I. cayanensis. In the twenty-first century most taxonomic systems have adopted the latter position. However, as of late 2025 BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) retains the two taxa as separate species.
In the mid-twentieth century one author placed the epaulet oriole and the orchard oriole (I. spurius) in a separate genus Bananivorus but later work showed... Wikipedia →
| # | Park | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | El Impenetrable National Park | 🇦🇷 Argentina | |
| 2 | El Palmar National Park | 🇦🇷 Argentina | |
| 3 | Iberá National Park | 🇦🇷 Argentina | |
| 4 | Iguazú National Park | 🇦🇷 Argentina | |
| 5 | Iguaçu National Park | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 6 | Parque Estadual Encontro das Águas | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 7 | Serra da Canastra National Park | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 8 | Tambopata National Reserve | 🇵🇪 Peru | |
| 9 | Amacayacu National Natural Park | 🇨🇴 Colombia | |
| 10 | Yasuní National Park | 🇪🇨 Ecuador | |
| 11 | Chapada dos Guimarães National Park | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 12 | Chapada Diamantina National Park | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 13 | Manu National Park | 🇵🇪 Peru | |
| 14 | Emas National Park | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 15 | Anavilhanas National Park | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 16 | Cuyabeno Wildlife Reserve | 🇪🇨 Ecuador | |
| 17 | Amboró National Park | 🇧🇴 Bolivia | |
| 18 | Sierra de la Macarena National Park | 🇨🇴 Colombia |
| # | City | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Goiânia | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 2 | Buenos Aires | 🇦🇷 Argentina | |
| 3 | Porto Alegre | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 4 | Asuncion | 🇵🇾 Paraguay | |
| 5 | Brasilia | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 6 | Campinas | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 7 | Rosario | 🇦🇷 Argentina | |
| 8 | Cordoba | 🇦🇷 Argentina | |
| 9 | Campo Grande | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 10 | Santa Cruz de la Sierra | 🇧🇴 Bolivia |
Possible
About 20% of wildlife watchers report an Epaulet Oriole sighting in Asuncion on a given day, based on 311 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data. It is the 51st most-seen of the 224 birds we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to about 40%, and over a week to about 70%, if each day is a fresh chance.
May and June
In those months about 30% of wildlife watchers report an Epaulet Oriole in Asuncion on a given day, against about 10% in February and October–December, the lowest months.
Between 6 and 9 am
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Epaulet Oriole sightings with a recorded time, and about 8 in 10 of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
4th of 15
Of the 15 cities where we can rate Epaulet Oriole sightings, Asuncion ranks 4th at about 20%. The best odds are in Goiânia (Brazil, about 30%), Buenos Aires (Argentina, about 30%) and Porto Alegre (Brazil, about 20%).
Same family: Icteridae
The closest relatives of the Epaulet Oriole that you can see in Asuncion (family Icteridae, New World Blackbirds and Orioles) are Shiny Cowbird (about 60%), Grayish Baywing (about 20%) and Unicoloured Blackbird (about 10%), with each one's daily chance of a sighting.
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Epaulet Oriole is recorded against all the birds logged in Asuncion (311 verified sightings), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
