Rhytipterna holerythra
Silhouette: Emily Willoughby · PhyloPic
In 3 days <5% in a week ~10%
The rufous mourner (Rhytipterna holerythra) is a passerine bird in the family Tyrannidae, the tyrant flycatchers. It is found in Mexico, every Central American country except El Salvador, Colombia, and Ecuador. The rufous mourner was originally described as Lipaugus holerythrus, mistakenly grouping it with the cotingas. It was later transferred to genus Rhytipterna that had been erected in 1850. Rhytipterna was also treated as a cotinga genus but a series of studies published beginning in the 1960s resulted in its movement to the tyrant flycatcher family. The rufous mourner shares the genus with the pale-bellied mourner (R. immunda) and grayish mourner (R. simplex). The rufous and greyish mourners apparently form a superspecies.
The rufous mourner is 19.5 to 21 cm (7.7 to 8.3 in) long and weighs about 32 to 39 g (1.1 to 1.4 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Males of the nominate subspecies have a mostly cinnamon brown to russet head and upperparts with a darker rufous crown. Their wings are... Wikipedia →
Rare
Under 5% of wildlife watchers report a Rufous Mourner sighting in Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge on a given day, based on 15 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data from 2019 to 2026. It is the 291st most-seen of the 329 birds we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to under 5%, and over a week to about 10%, if each day is a fresh chance.
June
In that month about 20% of wildlife watchers report a Rufous Mourner in Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge on a given day, against under 5% in July to May, the lowest months.
Between 9 am and noon
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Rufous Mourner sightings with a recorded time, and about 9 in 10 of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
18th of 22
Of the 22 parks where we can rate Rufous Mourner sightings, Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge ranks 18th at under 5%. The best odds are in Darién National Park (Panama, about 10%), Montes Azules Biosphere Reserve (Mexico, about 10%) and Braulio Carrillo National Park (Costa Rica, about 10%).
Same family: Tyrannidae
The closest relatives of the Rufous Mourner that you can see in Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge (family Tyrannidae, Tyrant Flycatchers) are Great Kiskadee (about 70%), Social Flycatcher (about 40%) and Tropical Kingbird (about 40%), with each one's daily chance of a sighting.
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Rufous Mourner is recorded against all the birds logged in Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge (15 verified sightings from 2019 to 2026), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
