Setophaga pitiayumi
Silhouette: Dylan GE Gomes · PhyloPic
In 3 days ~20% in a week ~50%
The tropical parula (Setophaga pitiayumi) is a species of passerine bird in the family Parulidae, the New World warblers. It is found in the U. S. state of Texas, Mexico, and every Central American country. Its range continues in every mainland South American country (though in Chile only as a vagrant), on Trinidad, and as a vagrant on the Falkland Islands.
The tropical parula was formally described in 1817 as Sylvia pitiayumi. It was sequentially placed in genera Parula and Dendroica. Beginning in 2011 taxonomic systems merged both of those genera into its present genus Setophaga. In the twentieth century some authors proposed that the tropical parula and the northern parula (Setophaga americana) should be lumped as a single species. They do form a superspecies. The tropical parula has also borne the English names Sennett's warbler, olive-backed warbler, Pitiaymi warbler, and tropical parula warbler.
The tropical parula's further taxonomy is unsettled. The IOC, AviList, the Clements taxonomy, and the American Ornithological Society assign it these nine subspecies: However, since 2016 BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World has treated... Wikipedia →
| # | City | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Porto Alegre | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 2 | Curitiba | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 3 | Buenos Aires | 🇦🇷 Argentina | |
| 4 | Montevideo | 🇺🇾 Uruguay | |
| 5 | Cali | 🇨🇴 Colombia | |
| 6 | Santos | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 7 | Rio de Janeiro | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 8 | Niterói | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 9 | Caracas | 🇻🇪 Venezuela | |
| 10 | Cordoba | 🇦🇷 Argentina |
With luck
About 10% of wildlife watchers report a Tropical Parula sighting in São Paulo on a given day, based on 1,125 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data. It is the 67th most-seen of the 353 birds we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to about 20%, and over a week to about 50%, if each day is a fresh chance.
June and July
In those months about 20% of wildlife watchers report a Tropical Parula in São Paulo on a given day, against under 5% in January and February, the lowest months. Those are among São Paulo's driest months, with about 60 mm of rain a month against 230 mm in January.
Between 9 am and noon
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Tropical Parula sightings with a recorded time, and about 9 in 10 of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
14th of 24
Of the 24 cities where we can rate Tropical Parula sightings, São Paulo ranks 14th at about 10%. The best odds are in Porto Alegre (Brazil, about 40%), Curitiba (Brazil, about 30%) and Buenos Aires (Argentina, about 30%).
Same family: Parulidae
The closest relatives of the Tropical Parula that you can see in São Paulo (family Parulidae, New World Warblers) are Golden-crowned Warbler (about 10%) and Southern Yellowthroat (about 10%), with each one's daily chance of a sighting.
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Tropical Parula is recorded against all the birds logged in São Paulo (1,125 verified sightings), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
