Saltator maximus
Silhouette: Sheatherius · PhyloPic
In 3 days ~60% in a week ~90%
The buff-throated saltator (Saltator maximus) is a species of bird in the family Thraupidae, the tanagers and allies. It is found in Mexico, every Central American country except El Salvador, and every mainland South American country except Argentina, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay.
The buff-throated saltator was formally described in 1776 with the binomial Tanagra maxima. The buff-throated saltator is about 20 cm (7.9 in) long. Males weigh an average of about 46 g (1.6 oz) and females about 49 g (1.7 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults of the nominate subspecies S. m. maximus have a mostly gray head with a greenish gray crown and a short white supercilium. Their upperparts, wings, and tail are olive-green. Their chin and upper throat are white and their lower throat buffy with a black line on each side of the full length. Their breast, belly, and flanks are gray and their lower belly and undertail coverts buffy.
The other subspecies of the... Wikipedia →
| # | City | Country | Daily sighting probability |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Belém | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 2 | San José | 🇨🇷 Costa Rica | |
| 3 | Goiânia | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 4 | Niterói | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 5 | Rio de Janeiro | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 6 | Manaus | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 7 | Maceió | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 8 | Panama City | 🇵🇦 Panama | |
| 9 | Brasilia | 🇧🇷 Brazil | |
| 10 | Medellín | 🇨🇴 Colombia |
Possible
About 20% of wildlife watchers report a Buff-throated Saltator sighting in Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge on a given day, based on 368 verified sightings from GBIF citizen-science data from 2019 to 2026. It is the 50th most-seen of the 329 birds we can rate there. Over three days the chance rises to about 60%, and over a week to about 90%, if each day is a fresh chance.
July
In that month about 40% of wildlife watchers report a Buff-throated Saltator in Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge on a given day, against about 20% in October to May, the lowest months. That is one of Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge's wettest months, with about 560 mm of rain against 140 mm in March.
Between 8 and 11 am
Across all the parks we cover, that three-hour window holds the most Buff-throated Saltator sightings with a recorded time, and about 9 in 10 of them come between 6 am and 6 pm: it is a daytime animal.
15th of 50
Of the 50 parks where we can rate Buff-throated Saltator sightings, Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge ranks 15th at about 20%. The best odds are in Poás Volcano National Park (Costa Rica, about 50%), Arenal Volcano National Park (Costa Rica, about 50%) and Serra dos Órgãos National Park (Brazil, about 50%). All parks ranked.
GBIF citizen-science records
It is estimated from how often the Buff-throated Saltator is recorded against all the birds logged in Gandoca-Manzanillo Wildlife Refuge (368 verified sightings from 2019 to 2026), calibrated against known sighting rates. Figures are rounded to the nearest 10% because citizen-science data supports honest approximations, not decimals, and months with records from fewer than five people show "—". How it works.
